Tree Planting Basics
Site Selection
Consider the plant's characteristics: Does it need shade, full sun, dry or moist soil? How tall will it grow and how wide?
Consider what existing natural or man-made features on your site may influence what trees and shrubs you plant and where. Avoid the following:
- Planting shade intolerant trees under mature trees.
- Planting on septic drain fields.
- Planting trees within 10-12' of overhead wires.
- Planting trees within 10-12' of buildings.
- Planting evergreens where they may obstruct vision near roads.
- Planting salt intolerant plants next to roadways.
Site Preparation
Weed control is important to improve the survival and growth of newly planted trees and shrubs. Competition from weeds and grasses may stress or kill small seedlings. To reduce this competition, remove sod or weed cover within a 3' area around each planting spot by "scalping", using a shovel, chemical herbicide, tiller or mulch. Work up the "scalped" area to loosen the soil and allow for rapid root growth. Tree Mats can be installed over these areas for continued weed control. Weed control is recommended for a minimum of 3 years after planting if weed/grass competition is severe.
Planting
Dig a hole using a planting bar, shovel or spade wide enough to permit tree roots to spread out in a natural uncurled position. Roots can be pruned to 8-12", depending on size of trees, to accommodate this. Firmly pack soil around roots to eliminate air pockets. Plant trees as soon as possible after pick-up. Plant one tree at a time, keeping roots of trees yet to be planted covered so they do not dry out. Small seedlings can also be planted in a nursery bed, 12" apart, until they increase in size and can be transplanted.
For more information, see Tree & Shrub Planting Guide
Pruning
Careful pruning throughout a tree's life will go a long way toward keeping it strong and healthy. Before planting, trim any dead or damaged roots on bare root stock back to healthy looking tissue. After planting, any tree will benefit from removal of dead, dying, broken or damaged stems or branches; or branches that are crossing, rubbing or pointing in toward the center of the plant. When pruning, do not remove more than 1/3 of the top growth per year. If the tree still needs work, save it for next year.
For more information, see Pruning Forest Trees